![]() Synclines eroded horizontally at the surface show the youngest ages in the centerline(bedding ages are symmetrically older going away from the center). Anticlines eroded horizontally at the surface show the oldest ages in the centerline. Trough plane: It is the line that connects all troughs.Īnticlines are upward-arching folds, and synclines are downward-arching folds.Crest plane: It is the line that connects all crests.Trough: It is the lowest part of the folded bed.Crest: It is the highest part of the folded bed.Limb: It is on either side of the fold.It may be vertical, inclined, and horizontal. Axial plane: It is the surface connecting all the axis.Hinge (axis): Axis is the maximum curvature in a folded bed.Oblique-slip faults: They have movement with both vertical and horizontal components.A viewer looking across to the other side of a left-lateral strike-slip fault would observe it to be offset to their left. A viewer looking across to the other side of a right-lateral strike-slip fault would observe it to be offset to their right. Strike-slip faults: They have a movement that is predominantly horizontal and parallel to the strike of the fault plane.In reverse faults, the hanging-wall block has moved up relative to the footwall block. In normal faults, the hanging-wall block has moved down relative to the footwall block. Dip-slip faults: They have movement parallel to the dip of the fault plane.They are categorized by type of movement as dip-slip, strike-slip, or oblique-slip fault. ![]() Faultįaults are the fractures in bedrock along which movement has occurred. It controls the migration of groundwater, oil, gas, and natural minerals. Structural geology is concerned with the description, spatial representation, and analysis of structural features ranging from microscopic to megascopic. ![]()
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